The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Hinchcliff R, Greenfield D, Braithwaite J. Nyström ME, Karltun J, Keller C, Andersson Gäre B. Collaborative and partnership research for improvement of health and social services: researcher’s experiences from 20 projects. WHO supports all Member States to conduct an inclusive health policy dialogue that engages all players – political, technical, and social – in the development of national health policies, strategies, and plans. Healthcare systems internationally face quality and productivity challenges and calls have been made for them to focus on delivering better value.1 2 3 However, in healthcare, value is a debated concept. 2012;27:985–91. The main literature on stakeholder analysis of policy-making is also useful for highlighting that some stakeholders have more potential to play a key role in the policy deliberations than others. EQUIPT: the European-study on Quantifying Utility of Investment in Protection from Tobacco. In this paper, evidence from the literature around these dimensions has been combined with the findings from our study of stakeholder engagement in an EC-funded project to develop a set of design principles to inform future stakeholder engagement in research. Health Res Policy Syst. Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). Huberman M. Research utilization: the state of the art. The results of the EQUIPT study have now been published [32, 33] and a full account of the main methods from SEE-Impact have been submitted for publication. The healthcare industry is a highly regulated industry that has many stakeholders. A participatory approach combines systematic inquiry with the collaboration of diverse stakeholders to meet specific needs and to contend with broad issues of equity and justice. 2002;7:239–44. Engaging Stakeholders in Affordability Purchaser Roadmap: Pathway to Better Value As direct buyers of healthcare, purchasers play a significant role in these regional collaboratives and their communities by driving change through value-based benefit design and employee education. Health Res Policy Syst. For some team members, previous successful experience of an interactive form of working with stakeholders had built a commitment to this particular way of working. 1998). PubMed Central  volume 16, Article number: 60 (2018) Concannon et al. Further details about the project can be found on the website of the MRC (now under United Kingdom Research and Innovation). The concept of stakeholder analysis is covered in Section 7 Theories of strategic planning. Moving past the hospital and community organization partnerships, healthcare organizations must tap into their patients and other residents to build excitement for improving community health. The World Health Organization in Namibia engaged stakeholders from the public and private health care to deliberate on key milestones within the health sector and to share the Organization’s strategic direction for the next five years. [30] highlight the importance of careful and strategic selection of stakeholders. An empirical analysis of 30 cases. Health Res Policy Syst. A recent supplement of this journal edited by Paina et al. J Gen Intern Med. Government • Many federal government health care efforts are headed by a cabinet-level officer, the secretary for health and human services, who runs the department of health and human services. The model differentiates methods at each stage of the project; depicts the relationship between components; and identifies outcome measures for evaluation of the process” ([6], p. 1). Guidance for research-practice partnerships (R-PPs) and collaborative research. Community stakeholders and hospital-based CHA developers should work together to define their roles and responsibilities and agree upon expectations for involvement. Engaging Stakeholders for Health Systems Strengthening 5 Introduction Thank you for all that you do to improve the performance of your health system . Moreover, they influence the opinion of the public in regard to projected change. In the United States, the Center for Medical Technology Policy website makes a strong statement about the impact of stakeholder engagement: “Including the perspectives of all key stakeholders has powerful benefits, enhancing both the short- and long-term relevance of clinical research efforts” [31]. Terms and Conditions, Closing the gap between research production and research use is a key challenge for the health research system. referred to a lack of evidence about impact, they also observed that “Commonly reported contributions included changes to project methods, outcomes or goals; improvement of measurement tools; and interpretation of qualitative data” ([30], p. 13). Implement Sci. egivers, and other stakeholders are essential. All authors contributed to the design, data collection and analysis. Digital firstly, in fact, is changing external stakeholders approach, mainly within HCPs and patients experiences, according multiple dimensions. In that case, evaluation findings might be ignored, criticized, or resisted because your evaluation did not consider stakeholder concerns or priorities. The principles relating to values are to foster shared commitment to the values and objectives of stakeholder engagement in the project team; share understanding that stakeholder engagement is often about more than individuals; encourage individual stakeholders and their organisations to value engagement; recognise potential tension between productivity and inclusion; and to generate a shared commitment to sustained and continuous stakeholder engagement. The final version has been approved by all authors. Cookies policy. [6] define engagement as “an iterative process of actively soliciting the knowledge, experience, judgment and values of individuals selected to represent a broad range of direct interest in a particular issue, for the dual purposes of: creating a shared understanding; making relevant, transparent and effective decisions” ([6], p. 5). The objectives might be one or more of accessing knowledge and skills; supporting interpretation of the results and drafting recommendations; supporting future influence and impact on policy and practice; increasing recruitment/enabling research; supporting transferability. In: Straus SE, Tetroe J, Graham ID, editors. This emphasis on engaging stakeholders mirrors the increasing prominence of participatory models or “action” research in the research community. Health Res Policy Syst. To protect the health of Australians, we work with other countries to respond to emerging health and aged care issues. This paper draws on the expertise of a team from four Engaging key stakeholders is critical to the success of a Medicaid care management program. Ultimately, building a culture of health within a community is going to require engaging all relevant stakeholders. 2014;28(1):115–26. Despite a substantial body of evidence on public involvement in healthcare priority setting,7 to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has used an online Delphi methodology to engage a diverse group of stakeholders in the intervention prioritisation phase of the research cycle. 2 Mission The Health Systems 20/20 cooperative agreement, funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) for the period 2006-2012, helps USAID-supported countries address health system barriers to the use of Add to favourites; Share this page Facebook; Twitter; LinkedIn; Email; Rate this resource (0) Stakeholder involvement: an overview PDF, 40.1 KB. Stakeholder analysis is used to support moving research evidence into practice in public health (Aarons et al., 2009). Harvey G, Fitzgerald L, Fielden S, McBride A, Waterman H, Bamford D, Kislov R, Boaden R. The NIHR collaboration for leadership in applied health research and care (CLAHRC) for greater Manchester: combining empirical, theoretical and experiential evidence to design and evaluate a large-scale implementation strategy. Phillipson J, Lowe P, Proctor A, Ruto E. Stakeholder engagement and knowledge exchange in environmental research. The Stakeholder Engagement Tool consists of two parts: Part 1: Stakeholder Analysis Matrix (for planning phases) Part 2: Stakeholder Engagement Plan (for implementation and follow-up) Most of us can manage some stakeholders very well, some of the time, but the art and science is effectively engaging with all of them, even the difficult ones. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-08-2013-0164. Knowledge translation of research findings. 2017;15(Suppl 2):104. Mallery C, Ganachari D, Fernandez J, Smeeding L, Robinson S, Moon M, Lavallee D, Siegel J. Google Scholar. Google Scholar. PubMed  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.10.005. Conceptual frameworks and empirical approaches used to assess the impact of health research: an overview of reviews. Jolibert and Wesselink [2] found a few examples of impact, but suggested ways to increase impact through what they describe as sustained interactions. Concannon et al. [7] developed the 7Ps Framework to identify stakeholders in Patient-Centered Outcomes Research and Comparative Effectiveness Research in the United States of America. 2000;19(3):236–40. Stakeholder engagement framework . Ninety three stakeholders took part. Health Res Policy Syst. There are also a growing number of reviews of such studies [21,22,23,24,25,26,27]. Forsythe et al. Stakeholder in health care delivery system • Government • Public • Providers • Hospital administrator and governing boards • Non-governmental 17. Pollock A, Campbell P, Struthers C, Synnot A, Nunn J, Hill S, Goodare H, Watts C, Morley R. Stakeholder involvement in systematic reviews: a protocol for a systematic review of methods, outcomes and effects. http://www.cmtpnet.org/our-work/stakeholder-engagement/. PubMed  Pokhrel S, Evers S, Leidl R, Trapero-Bertran M, Kalo Z, De Vries H, et al. Nevertheless, despite the practical difficulties, in EQUIPT, a significant amount of consideration had been given to stakeholder engagement, including planning how the input provided by stakeholders might be gathered, collated, analysed and used. [4] also highlighted the importance of flexibility in making space for stakeholder engagement in research processes. statement and Environ Sci Policy. 2016;14:36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-016-0107-2. Engaging stakeholders from varied organizational levels is essential to successful healthcare quality improvement. Vokó Z, Cheung KL, Józwiak-Hagymásy J, Wolfenstetter S, Jones T, Muñoz C, Evers S, Hiligsmann M, de Vries H, Pokhrel S. On behalf of the EQUIPT study. They therefore suggested that “The lack of reliable evidence compels implementers to rely largely on trial and error, risking variable success” ([18], p. 124). Key aspects of particular value to the research included early identification and involvement of stakeholders, continuous engagement with stakeholders, and availability to stakeholders of supporting materials and in multiple languages. Evers SMAA, Hiligsmann M, Vokó Z, Pokhrel S, Jones T, et al. argue that evaluations of stakeholder engagement should be “designed a priori as an embedded component of the research process” ([35], p. 142). Kramer D, Wells R, Bigelow P, Carlan N, Cole D, Hepburn CG. In this paper, we discuss two participatory methods for engaging with stakeholders – participatory social network analysis (PSNA) and participatory … Effective stakeholder engagement in research and implementation is important for improving the development and implementation of policies and programmes. Active engagement of stakeholders may well shift our understanding of what research use looks like [39]. Gagliardi AR, Berta W, Kothari A, Boyko J, Urquhart R. Integrated knowledge translation (IKT) in health care: a scoping review. SEE-Impact study literature search. However, engagement has been hard to achieve and to measure across diverse stakeholders. We want to work effectively with our stakeholders — to listen, learn and continue to improve our performance. Knowl Policy. Understanding why and how stakeholders participate in change can help healthcare leaders in planning activities to enhance stakeholder involvement in … Integrated KT has been developed as an approach to collaborative research in which researchers work with stakeholders who identify a problem and have the influence and sometimes authority to implement the knowledge generated through research [16, 17]. Back a couple years or so ago, I was at the conference of a well-known group in enterprise-architecture and the like. Staniszewska S, Brett J, Simera I, Seers K, Mockford C, Goodlad S, et al. concluded that approximately 20% of their study participants “reported that stakeholder engagement improved the relevance of research, increased stakeholder trust... enhanced mutual learning by stakeholders, and researchers about each other, or improved research adoption” ([13], p. 1697), whereas 6% reported improved transparency and 9% increased understanding of research processes. Article  The design principles for stakeholder engagement are organised into three groups, namely organisational, values and practices, albeit with some inevitable overlaps. The pioneering study by Kogan and Henkel [12] analysed both the importance of engaging policy-makers in setting research agendas to meet their needs, and the obstacles to making the process work well. While these are not explicitly studies of stakeholder engagement, many of them have identified some form of collaboration between researchers and users as one of the factors most likely to lead to the research making an impact. To do this we use 5 principles to help our engagement. In this section, we will touch on how to identify your stakeholders, ways to engage them, and how best to balance these important relationships with the goals of the evaluation. ParticipatoryEvaluation:Approach which involves stakeholders in all aspects of the evaluation process (i.e., design, question development, data collection, analysis, reporting, and use of results for decision making). 2014 REF: Assessment Framework and Guidance on Submissions. This paper provides a short conceptualisation of stakeholder engagement, followed by ‘design principles’ that we put forward based on a combination of existing literature and new empirical insights from our recently completed longitudinal study of stakeholder engagement. Res Involv Engage. Annette Boaz. Google Scholar. Boaz, A., Hanney, S., Borst, R. et al. A final consideration about the nature of the body of literature specifically on stakeholder engagement is that not only is it still quite limited in total, but there are also notable areas where authors claim it is particularly sparse. Building meaningful partnerships with patients and families and other relevant stakeholders is at the heart of person-centered care. Int J Health Policy Manage. engage stakeholders, your evaluation runs the risk of missing important elements of the program. The EC told the project team at an early point that there was no scope for negotiation around the project end date. The conceptual model presented in this study adds to the understanding of challenges and complexities involved in healthcare system change. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-%20006945, https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-08-2013-0164, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-018-0337-6. Innovative Methods in Stakeholder Engagement: An Environmental Scan. Int J Qual Health Care. The evaluation of this initiative revealed many positive changes in the delivery of care, and patients improved their goal-setting. The aim of this study was to understand how stakeholders … Failure to meet these criteria will significantly dampen stakeholders’ enthusiasm. California Privacy Statement, The project team (comprising members of the SEE-Impact research team and collaborators from EQUIPT) met for a 2 day analysis workshop. Hanney SR, Gonzalez-Block MA, Buxton MJ, Kogan M. The utilisation of health research in policy-making: concepts, examples and methods of assessment. Our analysis of the complex and nuanced process of stakeholder engagement has resulted not in a list of indicators, but in a set of design principles. London: HEFCE; 2012. However, our focus here is on multi-stakeholder engagement, where diverse groups of stakeholders take part in the research process. Care management program staff and policymakers should not underestimate the value of program champions in designing, implem… 2012;21(2):95–101. CAS  Various studies have attempted to assess a range of impacts of research (especially health research) and/or attempted to identify facilitators and barriers of research use in policy-making. The stakeholder engagement study (SEE-Impact) and the project being studied (EQUIPT) are described in Box 1. Research Article Health Affairs Vol.29 No.10 How Best To Engage Patients, Doctors, And Other Stakeholders In Designing Comparative Effectiveness Studies Studies specifically focusing on the impact of stakeholder engagement are less common, although it is a growing area of interest [28, 29]. Similarly, there is a large and currently distinct literature on PPI in research [9], including the development of reporting guidelines such as GRIPP2 [10]. In many States, stakeholders' long-term support has led to assistance with program expansion and sustainability. Esmail L, Moore E, Rein A. J Gen Intern Med. Roles and tasks are assigned to three main categories, namely questions, design and data, reporting and dissemination, and implementation and integration into organisation or policy. (They’d best remain nameless here, for reasons you’ll see in a moment.) suggest that “General principles can be drawn from community-based participatory research, which underscores that engagement is a relationship-building process” ([7], p. 988). The EQUIPT study set out to work with stakeholders to develop a tool to help government officials, policy-makers and healthcare providers across Europe examine the cost effectiveness and impact of anti-smoking initiatives. In particular, in health, there is an important stream of analysis from North America. 2011;9:26. https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4505-9-26. Grimshaw JM, Eccles MP, Lavis JN, Hill SJ, Squires JE. 2012;20:100–11. They argue that, at the recruitment stage, stakeholders should be made aware of, for example, their role/s, what they could contribute, costs in terms of time and effort, and benefits. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118413555.ch02. Engaging stakeholders should be a deliberate process. Between November 2014 and August 2015, REACHnet convened advisory groups regularly to generate, refine, and prioritize research topics. Holmes B, Scarrow G, Schellenberger M. Translating evidence into practice: the role of health researcher funders. Previous studies mainly focused on patient perspectives and programme delivery; however, delivery varies, and costs are substantial. With stake-holders in evidence implementation context of health researcher funders the SEE-Impact research team and collaborators from )... T, et al: //doi.org/10.1007/s11606-015-3450-z, http: //www.cmtpnet.org/our-work/stakeholder-engagement/ and used the Consolidated framework for effective engagement. Selection of stakeholders take part in the delivery of care, and project! Can find the best strategies to engage and communicate with each group of design in. 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